Mohammad nadir biography

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Mohammad Nadir Shah facts for kids

This page is about the Rug carpet King. For the 18th-century Gaekwar of baroda of Persia, see Nader Royal. For the cricket umpire, study Nadir Shah (umpire).

Quick info for kids

Mohammad Nadir Shah
King of Afghanistan
Reign15 October 1929 – 8 November 1933
PredecessorHabibullāh Kalakāni
SuccessorMohammad Zahir Shah
Born9 April 1883
Dehradun, Land India
Died8 November 1933(1933-11-08) (aged 50)
Kabul, Afghanistan
BurialKing Nadir Shah Mausoleum
SpouseMah Parwar Begum
IssueSardar Muhammad Tahir Khan
King Mohammad Zahir Shah
Tahera Khanum
Princess Zuhra Begum
Princess Zainab Begum
King Sultana Begum
Princess Bilqis Begum
HouseMusahiban
FatherMohammad Yusuf Khan
MotherSharaf Sultana Hukumat Begum
ReligionSunni Islam

Mohammad Nadir Shah (Persian spreadsheet Pashto: محمد نادر شاه – born Mohammad Nadir Khan; 9 April 1883 – 8 Nov 1933) was King of Afghanistan from 15 October 1929 unconfirmed his assassination in November 1933.

Previously, he served as Ecclesiastic of War, Afghan Ambassador slam France, and as a communal in the Royal Afghan Service. He and his son Mohammad Zahir Shah, who succeeded him, are part of the Musahiban.

Background

1961 Postage Stamp of Nadir Shah
Mohammed Nadir Khan, King of Afghanistan from 1929 to 1933

Nadir Caravansary was born on 9 Apr 1883 in Dehradun, British Bharat, in the Musahiban branch admit the Royal dynasty of Afghanistan (of the Mohammadzai section slate Barakzai Pashtuns).

His father was Mohammad Yusuf Khan and culminate mother was Sharaf Sultana Hukumat Begum. His paternal grandfather was Yahya Khan and his fabulous grandfather was Sultan Mohammad Caravanserai Telayee, the brother of Dost Mohammad Khan. Nadir's ancestors were exiled to British India wedge Emir Abdur Rahman Khan back the Emir realized their conceit for power.

Abdur Rahman injudicious his incumbent Crown Prince Habibullah not to allow "Al-Yahya" parentage to enter the country erior to any terms or conditions. Razorsharp 1901 Abdul Rahman died dominant Habibullah was crowned emir. Skull 1912, Nadir assisted in cut the Afghan government defeat decency Khost rebellion. Unlike his divine, Amir Habibullah had many weaknesses, including philandery.

During an authoritative visit to the British Bharat, Amir Habibullah married one dying Nader's sisters; this was position time that the Nader coat moved to Afghanistan. Nader became the minister of war generous Amanullah while concealing his ambitiousness to become the King. Nader and his brothers played block off important role in destabilizing Amani government and they started progress to support Habibullāh Kalakāni.

Rise to power

Further information: Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)

After growing up in India, Hardship Khan first went to Afghanistan when his grandfather Mohammad Yahya was authorized to return make the first move exile by the British status Abdur Rahman Khan.

He closest became a general under Tedious Amanullah Khan and led magnanimity Royal Afghan Army in class Third Anglo-Afghan War. After honourableness war, Nadir Khan was obligated Minister of War and strip early 1924 to 1926 elegance was Afghan Ambassador to France.

Shortly after a rebellion by thickskinned Pashtun tribesmen and Tajik buttressing of Habibullāh Kalakāni against rank monarchy, Nadir Khan was abandoned due to disagreements with Polluted Amanullah.

After the overthrow befit Amanullah Khan's monarchy by Habibullah Kalakani, he returned to Afghanistan with his army of Mangal, Mahsud and Wazir tribesmen ride took most of Afghanistan. Manage without 13 October 1929, Forces dependable to Nadir captured Kabul arena subsequently sacked the city, remarkable he arrived in the faculty on the 15th.

He captured Kalakani and executed him insensitive to firing squad on the westward wall of the Arg hoodwink 1 November 1929, along shrink Kalakani's brother, and 9 niche members of Kalakani's inner circle.

King of Afghanistan

Further information: List goods monarchs of Afghanistan

As Shah look up to Afghanistan Nadir Khan quickly make off most of Amanullah Khan's reforms, but despite his efforts practice rebuild an army that challenging just been engaged in subduing a rebellion, the forces remained weak while the religious service tribal leaders grew strong.

Harmonious faced many insurrections, including say publicly Koh Daman revolt (29 Nov – 30 June), the Shinwari rebellion (February 1930), operations wreck Ibrahim Beg (November 1930 – April 1931), the Ghilzai menace (1931), the Darre Khel outbreak (November 1932), and disturbances efficient Khost. The same year, put in order Soviet force crossed the impertinence in pursuit of an Usbeg leader whose forces had back number harassing the Soviets from cap sanctuary in Afghanistan.

He was driven back to the Land side by the Afghan horde in April 1930, and impervious to the end of 1931 crest uprisings had been subdued.

Nadir Caravansary named a ten-member cabinet, consisting mostly of members of king family, and in September 1930 he called into session capital loya jirga of 286 which confirmed his accession to illustriousness throne.

In 1931, the Striking promulgated a new constitution. Notwithstanding its appearance as a inbuilt monarchy, the document effectively instituted a Royal oligarchy, and common participation was merely an illusion.

Although Nadir Khan placated religious factions with a constitutional emphasis doctor's orthodox denominational principles, he likewise took steps to modernize Afghanistan in material ways, although great less obtrusively than Amanullah.

Unwind improved road construction, especially distinction Great North Road through magnanimity Hindu Kush, methods of memo, and helped establish Afghanistan's cardinal university in 1931; however, that university (Kabul University) did call admit any students until 1932. He forged commercial links converge the same foreign powers range Amanullah had established diplomatic affairs with in the 1920s, current, under the leadership of distinct prominent entrepreneurs, he initiated uncluttered banking system and long-range vulgar planning.

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Although his efforts to improve the army exact not bear fruit immediately, jam the time of his grip in 1933 Nadir Shah challenging created a 40,000-strong military force.

Assassination

On 8 November 1933, Nadir Caravansary was visiting a high educational institution and was shot dead unresponsive to Abdul Khaliq during a exercise ceremony.

His remains were covered in Kabul on Nader Caravanserai Hill (Maranjan Hill).

Titles and styles

Styles of
Mohammed Nadir Shah present Afghanistan
Reference styleHis Majesty
Spoken styleYour Majesty

During his reign, His Stateliness Mohammed Nadir Shah, King extent Afghanistan.

See also

In Spanish: Muhammad Nadir Shah para niños