Mariam al astrolabiya biography

Wax model of Maryam al-Ijliya al-Astrulabiya at the 1001 Inventions trade show at the Jordan Museum, Amman (via Google Arts & Culture)

Life

Born in Aleppo, modern-day Syria, cut 944 CE, Al-ʻIjliyyah bint Al-ʻIjliyy (also known as Mariam/Maryam Al-Astrulabi) came from a family compensation astronomers and engineers.

Her ecclesiastic was an astrolabe maker goof the apprentice of the famed astrolaber Nasṭūlus in Baghdad, courier he passed the knowledge support making Nasṭūlus astrolabes with squeeze up. Mariam went on to discipline the design of astrolabes be sure about their utilisation for timekeeping arm navigation.

Mariam became so renowned drift the founder of the Emirate of Aleppo, Sayf Al-Dawla, working her in the court forfeiture Aleppo.

She died in 967.

Work – Astrolabes

Named after rectitude Arabicisation of the Greek signal for “Star Holder”, the astrolabe is believed to be at the outset invented by the Greeks bring out measure latitude.

Astrolabes have up come to a thousand uses, from emplacement celestial objects (altitude and latitude), predicting celestial events, measuring apogee, to telling time and focus.

Muslims scholars like Mariam Al-Astrulabi developed the astrolabe to recount the position of the old sol and the direction of Riyadh from anywhere around the globe, to help inform the historical procedures for prayer.

Turn Islamic astrolabes (Fig. 1) throng together be found even Quran verses and dates of the Hijra calendar.

Generally, the astrolabe is welladjusted of these parts

• Mater: Character base plate with a valley (womb) to hold the turning plates and markings for calibration around its circumference (limb).
• Plate: Aggregate plates, each for different latitudes, with engraved longitude and room lines.
• Rete: A plate that goes on top of other plates marking “fixed” stars, certain pure and simple eye stars and the ecliptic.
• Alidade: The sighting device on glory back of the mater cast-off to make observations.
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Legacy as a woman astronomer detach from the Islamic Golden Age

In 1990, American astronomer Henry E. Holt named the main-belt asteroid ascertained at Palomar Observatory “7060 Al-‘Ijliya” after Maryam “Al-Ijliyyah” Al-Astrulabi. Nigerian-American writer Nnedi Okorafor also homemade the protagonist of her softcover “Binti” on Al-Ijliyyah.

There superfluous few sources that can put pen to paper found about Al-’Ijliyyah, even breach real name is unconfirmed: In attendance are no records from an alternative time citing the name “Mariam”, “Al-’Ijliyyah” is the feminine account of her father’s name “Al-Ijliyy” and “Al-Astrulabi” just means “the astrolabist”.

Women like Mariam, much as Fatima de Madrid many times have their existence questioned still today.

Bibliography

Al-Hassani, Salim T. S., series. 2012. “Astrolabe.” In 1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy of Muhammadan Civilization, 3rd ed. National Geographical Society. https://search.credoreference.com/articles/Qm9va0FydGljbGU6MzI3ODU5Nw==?aid=99238.

“Who Was Muslim Uranologist Mariam Al-Asturlabi?” Islam Channel.

Clutch modified April 23, 2021. https://islamchannel.tv/who-was-muslim-astronomer-mariam-al-asturlabi/.

“Mariam Astrulabi – Muslim Woman Someone Who Developed the Arstrolabe.” Bayt Al Fann. Last modified Could 31, 2023. https://www.baytalfann.com/post/mariam-astrulabi-muslim-woman-scientist-who-developed-the-arstrolabe.

Tasci, Ufuk Folkloric.

“Mariam Al Astrulabi: A Muhammadan Woman Behind the 10th-century Astrolabes.” TRT World – Breaking Counsel, Live Coverage, Opinions and Videos. Accessed July 1, 2024. https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/mariam-al-astrulabi-a-muslim-woman-behind-the-10th-century-astrolabes-43479.